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This excellent 66 ft. survey chain has a maker's mark which
reads "CHESTERMAN J C SCHEFFIELD ENGLAND." Handles and tallies
made of brass. One handle is marked "4PB" and the other is marked
"L4P" ("P" stands for the unit of measurement "pole"). There is
overall surface rust which appears as though would clean up very
nicely. This is an exceptional piece of 19th century surveying
equipment which, after a little attention, will make a beautiful
display.
The survey chain was developed in 1620 by
Edmund Gunter, professor of astronomy at
Gresham College, London. He was in favor of decimalization, and a
square chain is 1/10 of an acre (1 acre = 4,840 sq. yards). The
chain, however, is based on a much older measure, known variously
in different parts of Britain as the rod, pole or perch, which was
16 1/2 feet (c. 5 m) in length, or one-quarter of a chain. Ten
chains equal 1 furlong, which is 1/8 of a mile. Each 10th link is
marked by a piece of brass notched for identification. By the
mid-19th century, there were other chains in use, including
lengths of 100-feet (30 m), used in North America, 50-feet (15 m)
and 20-meters, with centimeter links. The product of wrought-iron
smiths, the surveyor's chain is difficult to date unless there
happens to be a maker's mark recorded somewhere.
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